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The Deterioration of Israel's Image is Largely Self-Inflicted

By

Dr. Yoram Shifftan

If we try to extract the essence of the many situations in which Israel is criticized, including the famous letter to the Guardian in April 2002 that started the academic boycotts, the recent call in September 2006 by 61 Irish academics for a boycott, the various anti-Israel trade unions, church, public meeting, newspaper, radio and TV events that criticize Israel or call for academic, cultural and commercial boycotts against it, we note that this essence is transmitted by few recurring slogans:

  • "Israel is an occupier of Arab land".
  • "The settlements are illegal according to international law" . "Israel does not abide by international law and the resolutions of the United Nations".
  • "Israel is an apartheid racist state and it discriminates against its Arab citizens".
The slogans and the content behind them are not only false but they represent the exact opposite of the objective truth. It would have been very easy to refute these false allegations yet this is not done by Israel officially. Why?

There is a paradox. Ever since Oslo process began in about 1992, Israel has been making concessions as never before, some of them even unilaterally, and the more concessions she makes, the more her image deteriorates. Furthermore, whenever there is an atrocity committed against Israeli civilians, instead of sympathy, Israel's image deteriorates further in the court European public opinion. When it seems that Israel's image cannot deteriorate further, there is a new poll to disprove this assumption, like the most recent one, The Nation Brand Index, polling over 25,000 consumers worldwide in which Israel came at the bottom of most rankings.

There are two reasons for this situation. The first is Israel's passivity, timidity and apologetics-based approach. But perhaps even more important is official Israel's insistence, since Oslo process began, to ignore the false allegations thrown at her. The objective observer is bound to conclude that Israel is not in a position to refute the false allegations because they are objectively true. The Israeli public is not aware that since Oslo process began there have been radical changes for the worse in the policy of Israel's Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA). Since then, it is dictated from the very top of the ministry (often against the wish of the lower levels), including the ministers this passive approach and will not refute the main false allegations thrown at Israel even when there are many public opportunities to do so. Worse, not only there is a deliberate policy of official Israel to conceal objectively true historical and legal facts, which happen to be pro-Israel, but Israeli diplomats are forbidden by the very top of Israel's MFA to refute the false allegations thrown at Israel. This is in contradistinction to the sane practice of refutation which prevailed in Israel's MFA before Oslo process began, but often the high-ranking functionaries of Israel's MFA and the Minister himself, will actively propagate the anti-Israel untruths which are propagated by the Arabs and their friends. As a result, the number of people in the world that know the true historical and legal facts decreases autocatalytically. The result is very grave for many reasons including the loss of the belief in the justice of the Jewish-Israeli cause by the Israelis and Jews themselves and the ensuing decreased motivation of Israelis and Jews to engage in Hasbara (PR), and because of the increased motivation of terrorists to kill Israelis and Jews. It has to be stressed that this is not a mere question of intellectual exercise, but this self-inflicted Israeli failure to improve its image is a direct and major cause of loss of Israeli and Jewish life and limb, as well as resources.

The latest idea of Israel's MFA is to rebrand Israel's image by stressing Israel's achievements in science, music and culture and to highlight its historical and modern tourist attractions, is bound to fail as it is irrelevant to the false allegations thrown at Israel. It is merely another chapter in the policy of ignoring what the enemy is focussed on. Indeed if you have taken somebody's country you cannot evade your guilt by being good in science or offering the sun in the winter. It is just like an individual blamed for theft or murder defending himself by saying that he is a good scientist. You have to REFER to the incriminatory allegation and try to refute it, if you can.

The major reason why Israel's brand is so low, and keeps deteriorating, in particular since Oslo process began, is the refusal of Israel's ministers of foreign affairs — only since Oslo process began — to allow Israeli diplomats to reiterate the FUNDAMENTALS of the conflict when they are on international radio, TV and other such public occasions, often sharing the same platform as Arab-friendly representatives, who, all of them, whatever the subject is, will invariably focus on the fundamentals, and use again and again, the same refrains, in particular the slogans about the "occupation", "the illegality of the settlements according to international law" and "Israel is incompliant with international law". But the Israeli representative will invariably ignore such major allegations about the occupation, the settlements and incompliance of international law. Rarely he would refer to these allegations at all, and even when he does he would emit a statement that confirms the Israeli guilt of occupation, he would issue a statement such as "that the occupation will end when the terror will end". Nor Israel's MFA produces the same written material they did until 1992 which did contain the fundamentals, which was also used by the other advocate bodies, diaspora Jewish communities and youth movements, and by Christian Zionists. If official Israel does not reiterate the fundamentals it is no wonder that Israel's image is the lowest in the world in view of the ever increasing number of lies propagated by Israel's enemies. The representative Jewish bodies in the diaspora have the tendency to align themselves with the local Israeli embassy. So if the material propagated by the embassy is lacking, the local Jewish communities and other advocate bodies will be much less effective, and the proportion of people that know the true objective facts will decrease further.

Also, there are many objectively true pro-Israel facts that official Israeli representatives do not mention at all or very rarely. This includes mentioning Jewish refugees from Arab countries, their greater number and the greater property which left behind, the fact that they had to leave countries where they lived before the Arabs came to these countries, and that they were transported large distances into unfamiliar surroundings, whereas most "Palestinian refugees" moved just short distances within Palestine itself, and out of their own volition and despite Israel pleas for them to stay. Another example that Israeli representatives could mention is that in the 1940s Arab politicians suggested an "exchange of population", i.e. that Arab countries will absorb Palestinian Arabs and Israel will absorb Jews from Arab countries. Israeli diplomats could have pointed out that half of this Arab-suggested 'exchange of population', i.e. the part that Israel absorbs Jews from Arab countries, has already been carried out. In fact not only the counterpart other half has not been carried out yet, but Israel has already uprooted its own Jewish population.

In counteracting the absurd allegation that Israel is a South-Africa type of discriminatory regime, official Israel should have pointed out that the opposite is true; Israeli Arabs have more rights and duties as compared with Israelis Jews. For example, Israeli Arabs do not do compulsory military service of 3 years and then long and dangerous reserve duties every year. Yet they have the right to vote in the national level. This is completely unparalleled in other western democracies where there is a correlation between duties and rights. For example, Jews killed Jews as parts of the opposing armies in WWI. Israeli Arabs even refuse to do national service in their own communities and terrorize the few members of their community who raise the possibility.

Israel does not say that the Arabs themselves write in all their official documents in Arabic that they are one nation only (which indeed they are by all criteria). These documents include the Baath party founding documents in Syria and Iraq, the various founding Palestinian Arab documents. The Feisal-Weizmann 1919 agreement refers only to two states that will be created in the fall of the Ottoman empire. There will be an "Arab State" and a Jewish state called "Palestine" (!) according to this agreement. It thus follows that by the Arab own logic they deserve one state only since it is customary in the world that one nation deserves one state only. Israel should have pointed out in every opportunity that we face an anomalous situation in which one nation has got not one but 22 states and 22 votes in the United Nations. At the same time this one nation that has got by far more than one state already, with vast surface area and natural resources, refuses the Jews to have even one tiny state.

Present-day official Israel studiously avoids pointing out that until the mid-1960s there was no claim on the part of the Palestinian Arabs themselves that they are a nation apart. Indeed they have no specific history, culture, language which makes them a nation apart, and they never claimed to be. In fact when Palestinian Arab leaders represented their communities with the British Mandate authorities, they kept emphasizing that they are not a nation apart but only a part of the Arab nation, at most a part of greater Syria. Israel could have cited admissions by Palestinian Arab leaders themselves that the Palestinian national identity was invented as a fiction only for the sake of fighting the Zionist Jews (one famous such admission is is by the head of the PLO Military Operations Department, Zuhair Muhsin to the Netherlands paper Trouw in 1977).

Furthermore, Israel could have said that even if we assume that the fiction that Palestinian Arabs are a separate nation is true, it is the case that they have already a state of their own. Until Oslo process began, Israel's MFA saw it as one of its major mission to advance in the world the recognition that even if one assumes that the "Palestinians" are a nation apart, there is already a Palestinian Arab state which at the moment is called Jordan. Earlier this part of the world had other names such Trans-Jordan, Eastern Palestine, Eastern Eretz Israel. Arabs play with words and names and the failure of Israeli diplomats to point this out, is just as serious a failure contributing to the deterioration Israel's image as the failure to point out that there is already a Palestinian Arab state in existence.

Israel could have furthermore pointed out that this Palestinian state is not in Uganda or Madagascar but in Palestine. In fact it occupies four-fifths of Palestine. Israel should have stressed further that according to many international agreements the whole of Palestine was reserved for a Jewish state. One of the bodies that took this decision was an organization of 52 states that preceded the United Nations — the League of Nations. This was the most fundamental decision of this body of nations and this decision was referred to by this body as a "sacred trust of civilisation". The decision was arrived at on the basis of the historical and legal facts and the long and unique association of the Jewish people with Palestine. In the words of the League: "Whereas recognition has thereby been given to the historical connection of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country".

As just one example of how much the captains of Israeli Hasbara (PR) today have become detached from true objective reality — to distinguish from the approach of my-country-right-or-wrong — is the behaviour of Israel's first president Dr Haim Weizmann. He would be called today a leftist, was always to the left of the socialist Ben Gurion, always stressing that Israel's true moral status will be determined by the way it treats the Arabs, always trying to please and not to antagonize the British. But when he heard that Churchill contemplates "to postpone or withhold" (to use the words of the later league acquiescence to Churchill's recommendation) in four-fifths of Palestine the application of the original League's decision to recreate the Jewish state in the whole of Palestine, he strongly appealed to Churchill to reconsider this postponement of the Jewish state in four fifths of Palestine i.e. in Eastern Palestine in the area of today's Jordan. He said that a Jewish state in Western Palestine only (i.e. all the area west to the river Jordan which of course includes Judea, Samaria and Gaza; Original international decisions included the Golan heights too where there was intensive Jewish life for millennia) will not be economically viable and the whole of Palestine is crucial for a Jewish state whereas Eastern Palestine is not really important for the Arabs since they anyhow have such vast areas according to the original League's decision. He and other Jews did not succeed, but they tried. Today even the remaining fifth of Palestine is too much for some Jews.

The representatives of official Israel should have said on every public opportunity, which they never do, that the League's decision is explicit in that only Jews have been granted with national rights in Palestine and the decision calls on all the nations of the world to facilitate Jewish immigration to Palestine and to encourage the dense settlement by Jews in Palestine "on the lands, including State lands and waste lands not required for public purpose". The League's Palestine Mandate conveys the requirement of urgency in the accomplishment of this Jewish settlement. It makes it clear that these rights of the Jewish people are safeguarded in perpetuity. And indeed Israeli representatives should have never missed an opportunity to further stress that it is enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations that rights of nations obtained by virtue of a mandate of the League of Nations continue to be valid during the life of the United Nations. This principle of the 'Continuing Obligations of the Mandate' was further confirmed by the decisions of the of the International Court of Justice and applied in the case of South-West Africa (Namibia of today). See for example pp. 121-123 in the book of Prof. Julius Stone, Israel and Palestine: Assault on the Law of nations, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1981, and the articles of Prof. Eugene Rostow.

Until 1948 there were Jewish settlements east of the green line; these included the four settlements of Gush Etzyon, Kefar Darom, Atarot, Neve Yaakov, Kalya, Beith Haarava, the Jewish quarters in Hebron and the old city of Jerusalem. A very easy way for Israeli diplomats to point out that from the point of view of International law, Jewish rights and the obligation to settle Jews in Western Palestine, are the same on both sides of the green line, as stressed by Prof. Eugene Rostow, would have been to observe in every public opportunity that indeed there were Jewish settlements until 1948 on the eastern side of the green line until they were removed in 1948 or before by Arab aggression . This very existence of Jewish settlements east of the green line before 1948 is a proof of their legality since even the British, who were not friendly to Jewish settlement and immigration (in betrayal of their official obligation according to international law, which was to encourage Jewish immigration and settlement in Palestine), did not dare removing these settlements east of the green line, since they knew that this would be the most glaring violation of international law and their own obligation as the Palestine Mandatory. To argue otherwise would mean that the very Arab aggression, in 1948 or before, that caused the destruction of Jewish settlements east of the green line, in 1948 or before, caused these settlements to become illegal, which is of course absurd and illogical. Post-1967 Jewish settlements east of the green line should enjoy at least the same legitimacy as their pre-1948 precursors. In fact often the settlements reconstituted after 1967 were built in the same places as the pre-1948 settlements that were destroyed by the Arabs.

The whole Jewish settlement enterprise erected after 1967 enjoys multiple sources of legitimacy. Not only were the settlements built on public land, and not only they were built in the historical cradle of the Jewish people, and not only it enjoyed the legitimacy bestowed on it by the obligations of the Palestine Mandate of the League of nations, but also it enjoys the legitimacy that follows from Arab aggression that caused it to be removed 19 years earlier or before. Indeed in international law there is the cardinal principle "Ex iniuria non oriur ius" according to which it is forbidden to allow an aggressor state to benefit from the fruit of its aggression. There are many examples for the application of this principle. For example, Belgium still contains part of Germany from WWI due to German aggression. Trans-Jordan and Egypt invasion of Western Palestine in 1948 was such an aggression. This aggression alone would have allowed Israel to apply its sovereignty in all of Western Palestine. It is because of these multiple sources of legality according to international law that all experts in international law agree that Israel has the right to annex and apply its sovereignty in all the territories that she arrived at in its self-defence wars in 1948 and 1967 (for further details see the book of Julius Stone quoted above).

As I said, the main reason for the deterioration of Israel's image is the fact that its official representatives are forbidden (since the beginning of the Oslo process) "from the top" of the Israeli government, to deny in public the untruths thrown at her. These untruths, issued slogan-like by the Arabs and friends, whatever is the subject discussed, focus on the "occupation" and the "illegality of the settlements according to international law", a subject I dealt with above. The third slogan thrown at Israel is that it "does not comply with international law and United Nations decisions" (see for example the recent declaration for boycott of Israel issued in the Irish Times by the 61 Irish academics). But here again the opposite is the truth. This is explained in detail by the great expert in international law, Professor Julius Stone, in his book quoted above, and this was the major reason he wrote the book and given it the title "Israel and Palestine: Assault on the Law of Nations". Everybody should read this book and spread its existence. The title of this book is very significant in the context of refuting the third slogan just mention. It is indeed an "Assault on the Law of Nations" to claim that Israel does not comply with international law. It is Israel who studiously comply with, and accept United Nations recommendations, and the Arabs who reject all recommendations ever since before 1948, and systematically violate the agreements they do sign. For example, Feisal-Weizmann 1919 agreement, duly signed by Arab and Jewish representatives, was never kept by the Arab side. Indeed a major point of Stone's book, and it should be clear too from what is written above about Israel's fundamental rights according to international law (in particular that Israel's rights are enshrined in the charter of the United Nations), is that if the claim that Israel haters propagate, that Israel does not fulfil United Nations resolutions, and Israel does not abide by international law, were true, than this would mean that there are fundamental logical contradictions between the charter of the United Nations and its later resolutions, which is not the case. Again for details, see the book of Julius Stone. Even the United Nations with its singling out of only Israel cannot champion logical contradictions, and there are no logical contradictions in the set that includes the United Nations charter and the United Nations resolutions.

It would be too long to go through all United Nations "resolutions" here. But suffice it to say that all so-called "United Nations resolutions" with respect to the Arab-Israeli conflict have no legally binding power and are just recommendations. By their nature, they become legally binding law only if both sides to the conflict accept them. One party cannot reject such a United Nations resolution (recommendation) and years later claim that the power of this resolution is binding even though it was itself who had rejected it in the first place. This happened again and again. For example, consider the legal standing of resolution 181 (II) ("Partition Plan" of 1947). Prof. Stone devotes chapter 4 (pp. 59-66) to this question. He says that the Arab-friendly view "that the General Assembly's Resolution 181 (II) remains legal force, ignores the stark historical reality that the resolution never came into legal force at all. That resolution would have come into force if the parties concerned had accepted it. But it is well known that the Arab states not only rejected it, but committed armed aggression against it and against Israel, and thus wholly aborted it. They deliberately destroyed it, as it were in utero, before it entered the world of legal effectiveness.

To attempt to show,...that resolution 181 (II) "remains" in force in 1981 is thus an undertaking even more miraculous than would be the revival of the dead. It is an attempt to give life to an entity that the Arab states had themselves aborted before it came to maturity and birth. To propose that Resolution 181(II) can be treated as if it has binding force in 1981, for the benefit of the same Arab states, who by their aggression destroyed it ab initio, also violates "general principles of law," such as those requiring claimants to equity to come "with clean hands," and forbidding a party who has unlawfully repudiated a transaction from holding the other party to terms that suit the later expediencies of the repudiating party". In view of this irrefutable logic it is amazing that you see at times self-hating Jewish post-Zionist historians that write that it was in fact Israel that rejected Resolution 181 (II), i.e. they invert factual reality on its head.

Resolution 242 that was passed after the Six Day War and is a fundamental "United Nations resolution" (again, only a recommendation without legal binding power) since many of the later United Nations resolutions (recommendations) are based on it and quote it. Again the same pattern of Arab falsification of the resolution repeats itself: The resolution is falsified and then it is claimed that Israel does not comply with United Nations resolutions. Then academic and commercial boycotts as well as atrocities against Israeli and Jewish civilians are committed on basis of this lie. Arab-friendly representatives keeps saying that resolution 242 calls for the retreat of Israel from all the "new" territories it returned to in the 1967 self-defence war. But this is again a lie. There were months of haggling in the United Nations, before the resolution was passed, in which the Soviets and the Arabs wanted such a resolution recommending that Israel retreat from all the territories, but in the end they did not have their way. This has been confirmed again and again orally and in many writings, for example by the two main formulators of this resolution, the British Lord Carrington (not a friend of Israel) and by the American, the Under-Secretary of state, Professor Eugene Rostow mentioned above, who was earlier the dean of the faculty of Law in the best law school in the US (Yale University). Israel has already complied with the resolution (recommendation) and has retreated from more than 90% of the territories; she has given Egypt land that was never Egyptian, and that Israel conquered in self-defence no less than three times (and was thus entitled to keep it many times over) in 1948, in 1956, and in 1967. Note too, that not only the resolution recommends that Israel gives away only PART of the "new" land, but it also recommends that Israel gives away some of the land only in the context of total peace in the area, and even then it recommends that Israel retreats to borders that are recognized by all its neighbours and are compatible with its security requirements. And we know that it was the American Chief of Staff who prepared the report for president Lyndon Johnson that spelled out the "recognized and secured borders" mentioned in the resolution to which Israel would retreat in the context of total and real peace. According to this expert, "secured borders" mean retaining not only the areas in Western Palestine and the Golan heights but a part of the Sinai peninsula (which Israel already gave away).

The reasons Israel's image keeps deteriorating includes not only the fact that its official representatives are deliberately forbidden from the top of the Israeli government to mention in public the objectively true legal-historical facts, facts that were spread by Israeli diplomats before Oslo process began, but in addition to this active concealment of pro-Israeli facts by the top Israeli strata, the top of the Israeli government itself often propagates Arab untruths. Worse, it is the very people that are officially responsible to spread the basic facts of Israeli Hasbara (PR), as their counterparts indeed did in previous generations before Oslo process, who now often propagate the enemy's lies. There are many examples. I will confine myself to just two here. As the Oslo process began and for years later, it was no less but the Israeli Minister of Foreign Affairs himself, that propagated as true fact, including in Israeli radio and Israeli newspapers, the Arab lie that Israel already took 78% of Palestine and left for the "Palestinian Arab Nation" only 22% of Palestine. But the fact is that Judea, Samaria and Gaza are 22% of fifth of Palestine and not of Palestine. This is so since Western Palestine is only fifth of Palestine. Jordan is four fifths of Palestine. The correct definition of Palestine is the one that appears in the Feisal-Weizmann agreement, the League of Nations documents, the United Nations documents, and in all the other many international agreements and documents referring to Palestine. But if you falsely define one-fifth of Palestine as Palestine, you enhance Palestinian victimhood and Israeli guilt. The second example involves the person who until not long ago was the general manager of Israel's MFA. He propagates even on the Israeli official state radio, that the settlements are illegal according to international law. This is the functionary that should have propagated the opposite, and indeed until Oslo process began his counterpart in Israel's MFA had propagated the opposite.

The functionaries of Israel's MFA before Oslo process began indeed stressed the legality of the settlements and they put great effort, and saw it as a major mission of theirs, to advance in the world the recognition that THERE IS ALREADY A PALESTINIAN ARAB STATE as pointed out above. See also in this context the chapter in Julius Stone's book entitled "The Kingdom of Transjordan (Jordan) as a Palestinian Arab state", where it is made absolutely clear that the definition of the extent of "Palestine" in the legal world which I have given above is the correct one. Stone points out in this chapter that "the cutting away in 1922 of four-fifths of the territory within which the Jewish national home was to be established in order to create the Emirate of Transjordan, which later became the present state of Jordan...drastically reduced the already tiny allocation to the Jewish people's right of self-determination...Both Cisjordan and Transjordan made up historic Palestine" and "that the origins and present position of the Arab state of Jordan in Palestine rebut the very claim that the Palestinian people lack a homeland. Not only did the state of Jordan arise in Palestine over Jewish protest at the expense of the home allocated for the Jewish nation; it also inexorably became, by the same course of history, a Palestinian Arab state".

The self-defeating way that official Israel conducts itself is also seen from the following argument. According to all objectives analysts the "territories" are essential for Israel's security and in addition its leaders have no right to give them away since these territories were given by the community of nations to the Jewish people in perpetuity and no present generation can give it away on behalf of future generations. But assume one wants to overlook the illegality of giving away these territories and their importance for security reasons. Then how the present Israeli leaders expect to benefit from the appreciation of giving away the land, if they do not accompany this giving away with the stressing that Israel's gives away as a gift something which is legally hers. After all if you have stolen something and then you return it, this is not such a great act of benevolence that need to be rewarded as compared with giving a gift of something that belongs to you.

Once the fundamentals are brought into the conscious of the world, many other relatively minor criticisms of Israel lose their power. For example the issue of the fence. It is clear that since Israel is entitled to annex and apply its sovereignty anywhere in Western Palestine, it can build a fence wherever she choose to. But the issue of the fence and the checkpoints that are often claim to disrupt Palestinian life are easy to refute because such criticism is a clear reflection of one-sided anti-Semitism: Implicit in this criticism is the assumption that the CONVENIENCE of Palestinians is more important than the LIFE of Israelis. Here too the accepted asymmetry is the reverse of the true one. The unpleasant and costly burden to maintain a fence and checkpoints is non-existent in the Arab side since no Jew will attack Arabs. But this has to be pointed out explicitly. Furthermore, the burden to maintain checks in the entrance to every mall, every school, every public institution etc., does not exist in the Arab side. No Jew would come and hurt Arab shoppers or school children in Arab towns. Furthermore, every Arab can walk safely in Tel Aviv for example, but an Israeli, in the Palestinian Arab town of Nablus for example, will be lucky to get away with his life, and most probably he would be lynched. Arabs can express their political opinions in all the coffee houses in all the towns of Israel. Can you imagine one Jew doing so in one Arab town. Thousands of Israeli Arabs and Arabs from other Arab countries are given at any one time the best and equal medical treatment in Israeli hospitals. Can you imagine a single Jew given such a treatment in any Arab town in the world. Israeli universities have the proportion of Arab students as their proportion in the population. But it is Israel that is called an "apartheid and racist state". Consider Arab countries where Jews cannot enter into the country by law, where it is not allowed to build a synagogue, even in Jordan that is in formal peace with Israel, it is punishable by death to sell land to Jews, but the liberal academics of this world will single out Israel as the racist apartheid state. They will never single out Sudan, for example. They never suggested an academic boycott on Sudan because of Darfour, for example.

But in order to point out that the accepted asymmetries are Orwellian inversion of the true asymmetries, one need a break with the culture of passivity and self-depreciation, cultivated by the Israeli elite since Oslo process began, egged on and often financed by external agents often hostile to Jewish national existence and by psychological warfare aggravated by Israel's relative election system, in the justice system, the education system, the political system, the media, the army, the police, and in Israel's MFA. So the failure of Israeli diplomats since Oslo is only one facet of the general atmosphere. This self-depreciation and absence of self-assertion get to absurd levels: Israeli diplomats were persistently grilled on the BBC because of colateral damage caused by targeted military activities. When it was suggested to Israeli diplomacy to invoke in response on BBC the 630,000 German civilians deliberately killed by allied bombing in WWII, and without prior warnings (unlike Israeli action who always warn civilians), or the destruction of Arab villages by the British airforce during the suppression of the Arab rebellion, or the use of nuclear weapon in WWII just to save allies soldiers' life and shorten the war, or the more recent death of many civilians in ex-Yuguslavia, Afghanistan or Iraq by NATO bombing from the safety of high altitude, the response of Israeli diplomacy was that MFA would not accept the suggestion for fear offending the British. With mentality like that, Israel's image will only keep deteriorating.

###

Submitted December 13, 2006

Dr. Yoram Shifftan has published many articles on Israeli hasbara, in publications such as Ha'aretz, Ma'ariv, Hatzofeh, Hamodia and Ha'Uma. He has also presented a special series about hasbara on Arutz7 radio. NOTE: Dr Yoram Shifftan (with two f) is not Dr Yoram Shiftan (with one f) from the Technion.

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